Advanced gasoline engines inject the fuel directly into the engine cylinder rather than into the intake port. These engines can achieve higher fuel efficiency, but they depend on a precise fuel/air mixture at the spark plug to initiate ignition. This leads to more stringent requirements on spray quality and reproducibility. Direct injection also enables new combustion strategies for gasoline engines. Such “lean burn” engines may achieve efficiencies near that of a diesel while producing low emissions. Again, this advanced combustion strategy relies on precise mixing of the fuel and air to achieve clean, efficient power generation.
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